Your Health First

John Seger, M.D. : Atrial Fibrillation

Sat, 27 Jun 2009 21:00:00 GMT

John Seger, M.D., a cardiologist in Houston Texas, at the Texas Heart Institute, will discuss atrial fibrillation, a common heart condition affection millions.

Atrial fibrillation is a disorder found in about 2.2 million Americans. During atrial fibrillation, the heart's two small upper chambers (the atria) quiver instead of beating effectively. Blood isn't pumped completely out of them, so it may pool and clot. If a piece of a blood clot in the atria leaves the heart and becomes lodged in an artery in the brain, a stroke results. About 15 percent of strokes occur in people with atrial fibrillation.

Several approaches are used to treat and prevent abnormal beating:

Medications are used to slow down rapid heart rate associated with AF. These treatments may include drugs such as digoxin, beta blockers (atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol), amiodarone, disopyramide,
calcium antagonists (verapamil, diltiazam), sotalol, flecainide, procainamide, quinidine, propafenone, etc.
Electrical cardioversion may be used to restore normal heart rhythm with an electric shock, when medication doesn't improve symptoms.
Drugs (such as ibutilide) can sometimes restore the heart's normal rhythm. These drugs are given under medical supervision, and are delivered through an IV tube into a vein, usually in the patient's arm.
Radiofrequency ablation may be effective in some patients when medications don't work. In this procedure, thin and flexible tubes are introduced through a blood vessel and directed to the heart muscle. Then a burst of radiofrequency energy is delivered to destroy tissue that triggers abnormal electrical signals or to block abnormal electrical pathways.
Surgery can be used to disrupt electrical pathways that generate AF.
Atrial pacemakers can be implanted under the skin to regulate the heart rhythm.

Treating atrial fibrillation is an important way to help prevent stroke. That's why the American Heart Association recommends aggressive treatment of this heart arrhythmia.

Drugs are also used to help reduce stroke risk in people with AF. Anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications thin the blood and make it less prone to clotting. Warfarin is the anticoagulant now used for this purpose, and aspirin is the antiplatelet drug most often used. Long-term use of warfarin in patients with AF and other stroke risk factors can reduce stroke by 68 percent.

Physicians differ on the choice of drugs to prevent embolic stroke — stroke caused by a blood clot. It's clear that warfarin is more effective against this type of stroke than aspirin. However, warfarin has more side effects than aspirin. Examples include potential bleeding problems or ulcer.
Patients at high risk for stroke should probably be treated with warfarin rather than aspirin unless there are clear reasons not to do so.
Aspirin is the standard treatment for patients at low risk for stroke and under 75 years of age.

For stroke information, visit StrokeAssociation.org or call the American Stroke Association at 1-888-4-STROKE. For information on life after stroke, ask for the Stroke Family Support Network.

The likelihood of developing atrial fibrillation increases with age. Three to five percent of people over 65 have atrial fibrillation.

Below is a video of atrial fibrillation.

27-Jun-09 4:00 PM

Victor Vogel, M.D. : American Cancer Society

Sat, 27 Jun 2009 21:00:00 GMT

Talking about the latest research in cancer care, Dr. Victor Vogel will be joining Dr. Galati this week.

Dr. Vogel is Vice President of National Research at the American Cancer Society. In this role, Dr. Vogel is responsible for overseeing the Society’s research operations. He will continue to build on the Society’s legacy of serving as the largest non-governmental funder of cancer research, with an emphasis on intramural research and extramural research funding to advance prevention, early detection and treatment of cancer. Dr. Vogel will actively collaborate with leading cancer research, academic institutions and government agencies to assure the organization’s access to current trends and developments in basic science and applied research. In addition, he will provide scientific expertise to the advocacy efforts of the American Cancer Society and other organizations working to improve support for cancer research and improved cancer care.

Dr. Vogel has more than 20 years of leadership in cancer research with his specific areas of interest being breast cancer risk assessment and prevention. He currently serves as professor of medicine and epidemiology at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, where he is also co-director of the Magee-Womens Hospital/University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Biochemoprevention Program. A fellow of the American College of Preventive Medicine and a fellow of the American College of Physicians, Dr. Vogel is board-certified in internal medicine, medical oncology, and general preventive medicine/public health. He served as the National Protocol Chairman of the National Cancer Institute’s STAR Trial (Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene).

Dr. Vogel is the author of more than 250 articles, book chapters, and abstracts. He edited the books Management of Patients at High Risk for Breast Cancer and Handbook of Breast Cancer Risk Assessment: Evidence-Based Guidelines for Evaluation, Prevention, Counseling, and Treatment.

27-Jun-09 4:00 PM

5-Minute Cauliflower Dish-Try It

Sun, 14 Jun 2009 22:00:00 GMT

5-Minute Cauliflower

Enjoy the extra flavor and health benefits from combining cauliflower with turmeric for this easy-to-prepare great tasting side dish that will complement almost any meal. Turmeric has long been recognized as a powerful anti-inflammatory in both Chinese and Indian systems of medicine and modern scientific research continues to reinforce the benefits of this tasty spice. One serving of this dish also provides 181% of the daily value (DV) for vitamin C, 46% DV for vitamin, and 33% DV for folate. Enjoy!

Prep and Cook Time: 5 minutes

Ingredients:

1 lb cauliflower
5 TBS low sodium chicken or vegetable broth
1 tsp turmeric
Mediterranean Dressing
1 TBS extra virgin olive oil
2 tsp lemon juice
2 medium cloves garlic
sea salt and pepper to taste

Directions:

Cut cauliflower florets into quarters and let sit for 5 minutes to bring out their hidden health benefits.
Press or chop garlic and let for 5 minutes.
Heat 5 TBS broth in a stainless steel skillet on medium heat.
When broth begins to steam, add cauliflower and turmeric and cover. For al dente cauliflower, cook for no more than 5 minutes.
Transfer to a bowl. For more flavor toss cauliflower with the remaining ingredients while it is still hot. (Mediterranean Dressing does not need to be made separately.) Research shows that carotenoids found in foods are best absorbed when consumed with oils.
Sprinkle with chopped cilantro.

Serves 2

Healthy Cooking Tips:

To mellow the flavor of garlic, add garlic to cauliflower for the last 2 minutes of sautéing. You may need to add a little more liquid to keep garlic from sticking to the pan.

14-Jun-09 5:00 PM

Food, Inc.: The Movie (See the Trailer)

Sun, 14 Jun 2009 22:00:00 GMT

Watch the movie here.

In Food, Inc., filmmaker Robert Kenner lifts the veil on our nation's food industry, exposing the highly mechanized underbelly that has been hidden from the American consumer with the consent of our government's regulatory agencies, USDA and FDA. Our nation's food supply is now controlled by a handful of corporations that often put profit ahead of consumer health, the livelihood of the American farmer, the safety of workers and our own environment. We have bigger-breasted chickens, the perfect pork chop, insecticide-resistant soybean seeds, even tomatoes that won't go bad, but we also have new strains of E. coli—the harmful bacteria that causes illness for an estimated 73,000 Americans annually. We are riddled with widespread obesity, particularly among children, and an epidemic level of diabetes among adults.

14-Jun-09 5:00 PM

How to Be a Good Patient: Suggestion by Dr. Galati

Sun, 07 Jun 2009 22:00:00 GMT

How to Be a Good Patient
Joseph S. Galati, M.D.
Liver Specialists of Texas and Your Health First
713-794-0700

www.texasliver.com and www.yourhealthfirst.com

1. Being a good patient isn’t by chance-it’s an active process

a. Learn about your problems

b. Understand the medicines you take, how they work, and certain side effects they may have

c. Read about ways to reduce complication related to your problems, such a diet, nutrition, and lifestyle changes.

d. Have copies of your medical records (especially if referred to a new physician).

2. When going to the physician, dress comfortably. Wear clothes that you can easily get out of.

3. Expect to be examined by the physician. Don’t talk while the stethoscope is on you!

4. Prepare for the doctors visit

a. Bring a list of your medications.

b. List current complaints or problems on a sheet of paper.

c. Prepare no more than 3 key questions you need to ask.

d. Bring a buddy (friend or relative)

e. Understand the plan before you leave.

f. If tests are ordered, make sure you know what they are for?

g. If new medicines are prescribed, make sure you know why? Do they replace an existing medicine, or work side-by-side with existing drugs. Are there new side effects to be aware of?

5. If you are referred to a specialist, you need to know what the specific problem is that will be addressed.

6. Research out new physicians you are referred to. Beware of on-line services. Inquire about education, years of experience, affiliations, and how often they see your particular condition.

7. Get to know your doctor’s office staff. Who is there assistant, nurse, or physician assistant they work with who might be able to answer question afterwards.

8. Ask if they physician e-mails?

9. Ask how results are handled?

a. Phone

b. Mail

c. E-mail

d. Follow-up visit

10. Understand your insurance policy.

a. Co-pay policy

b. Deductibles

c. Co-insurance (secondary policy)

d. Covered benefits

11. Know when it is time to return for a follow-up visit.

12. Realize that most complaints with physician offices are over poor communication-including poor communication on the part of the patient.

13. As a patient, it is your responsibility to remain involved in your health and wellness.

7-Jun-09 5:00 PM

The Right Step: Alcoholism and Addiction

Sun, 07 Jun 2009 20:00:00 GMT

Alcoholism and addiction is a major health problem for America. Both of these problems disrupt families, education, relationships, and ones personal success. This week, George Joseph, CEO of The Right Step, and Jason Powers, M.D., Medical Director of The Right Step, will join Dr. Galati for an overview of the problems related to alcoholism and addiction, and to inform the listeners the warning signs of trouble that requires action.

Located in Houston and surrounding communities, The Right Step offers therapy for every facet of alcoholism and substance abuse issues. Expanding there services, George Joseph established Spirit Lodge, located in the Texas Hill Country. Located on a private 8-acre plateau with panoramic vistas of the rolling hills outside Austin, TX, Spirit Lodge helps men and women struggling with alcoholism or substance abuse reclaim their lives. Our highly individualized treatment program assesses and meets the unique physical, mental, emotional, family, and spiritual needs of each client. That is because we recognize that there is no such thing as a "typical" addict.

George Joseph took over the reins of The Right Step in 1994, when the company had one location- a residential treatment program in Houston. His vision and passion is evidenced by the fact that The Right Step is now the largest provider of drug and alcohol treatment services in the Southwest, serving over 3500 individuals last year. He remains successful in his mission of maintaining high quality and affordable services for adolescents, adults, and their families seeking a life without the devastation of active addiction. With 25 years of experience in the field of recovery and treatment, George's insight, knowledge, and leadership is well regarded within the field as well as among The Right Step organization.

Using his own struggles in his youth as a springboard to help others, George began his career in the chemical dependency field in 1983. He worked at Parkside Lodge for 5 years prior to The Right Step. In addition to his unwavering commitment to clients and creating a caring organization, the years of hard work were recognized during 1999 and 2000 when George won the triple crown of counseling. In 1999, he captured honors as the Houston and State of Texas Counselor of the Year presented by the Texas Association of Addiction Professionals. In 2000, he won the highest honor given to a counselor in our nation, the 2000 Lora Roe Memorial Counselor of the Year, awarded by the National Association of Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Counselors (NAADAC).  George does not limit his outreach just to The Right Step, but is involved on both the local and state levels of counseling professional organizations, serves on school boards, is appointed on advisory councils for spiritually based organizations, and sponsors various sober recreation groups.

He is married with two children, and despite being over 40, maintains a respectable golf handicap and bragging rights in his basketball league.

Prior to joining The Right Step in 2006, Dr. Powers served as an attending physician at Memorial Hermann Prevention and Recovery Center and as an assistant professor in the department of family and community medicine at Baylor College of Medicine.   Previously, he operated an outpatient primary care and addiction & recovery medical practice and a private medical practice in Houston. He also worked as an associate physician, specializing in addiction & recovery and family medicine for the Contemporary Medicine Associates in Houston, Texas.   Dr. Powers received his medical degree from Texas Tech University Health Science Center. While in school, he was the recipient of several academic scholarships including the Kellogg Foundation Academics Scholarship and the Student Senate Endowed Academic Scholarship. Dr. Jason Powers is an Addictionologist (M.D.) and voted as one of Houston's "Top 50 Doctors" for two years running. Dr. Powers serves as the local expert and as a steering committee member for the Partnership for a Drug Free America.

In addition to his engaging personality, he actually takes time to understand his patients and work with the families. Dr. Powers is married to a beautiful wife and has two loving kids who he enjoys spending time with. He also enjoys yoga and camping.

Links related to alcoholism and addiction are listed below.

The Right Step: Drug rehab and alcohol treatment.

Spirit Lodge: Complete rehab and wellness program in the Texas Hill Country.

Alcoholics Anonymous

Find a Local AA Meeting

Partneship for a Drug Free America

Parent Tool Kit: Partnership for a Drug Free America

National Institute on Drug Abuse

7-Jun-09 3:00 PM

Eat More Brussels Sprouts-Great Recipe from Dr. Galati

Sun, 31 May 2009 20:00:00 GMT

Most people heart the word "brussels sprouts" and immediately they think "a gross vegetable". We challenge you to think again. I was recently introduced to a very simple recipe, that makes brussels sprouts sweet-yes, sweet.

Here's how to do it. On a cokie sheet, lay out the brussels sprouts. Drizzle them with olive oil and coat evenly. Place in the ove at 350 degrees for 20-30 minutes until tender. Serve immediately. You will be surprised at the results. Give it a try and enjoy.

It's no surprise that Brussel sprouts look like perfect miniature versions of cabbage since they are closely related, both belong to the Brassica family of vegetables. Brussels sprouts are available year round; however, they are at their best from autumn through early spring when they are at the peak of their growing season.

Brussels sprouts grow in bunches of 20 to 40 on the stem of a plant that grows from two to three feet tall.

Health Benefits

Cancer Protection from Special Sulfur-Containing Phytonutrients

Plant phytonutrients found in Brussels sprouts enhance the activity of the body's natural defense systems to protect against disease, including cancer. Scientists have found that sulforaphane, one of the powerful glucosinolate phytonutrients found in Brussels sprouts and other cruciferous vegetables, boosts the body's detoxification enzymes, potentially by altering gene expression, thus helping to clear potentially carcinogenic substances more quickly.

Additionally, researchers in the Netherlands investigated the effect of a diet high in Brussels sprouts on DNA damage. They compared two groups of healthy male volunteers. Five men ate a diet that included 300 grams (about 10 ounces) of cooked Brussels sprouts daily, while the other five men at a diet free of cruciferous vegetables. After three weeks, the group that ate Brussels sprouts had 28% decrease in measured DNA damage. Reduced DNA damage may translate to a reduced risk of cancer since mutations in DNA allow cancer cells to develop.

Sulforaphane, which is formed when cruciferous vegetables such as Brussels sprouts are chopped or chewed, is already known to trigger the liver to produce enzymes that detoxify cancer-causing chemicals, inhibit chemically-induced breast cancers in animal studies, and induce colon cancer cells to commit suicide. A study published in the Journal of Nutrition also suggests that sulforaphane may help stop the proliferation of breast cancer cells, even in the later stages of their growth.

Sulforaphane may offer special protection to those with colon cancer-susceptible genes, suggests a study conducted at Rutgers University and published online in the journal Carcinogenesis.

In this study, researchers sought to learn whether sulforaphane could inhibit cancers arising from one's genetic makeup. Rutgers researchers Ernest Mario, Ah-Ng Tony Kong and colleagues used laboratory animals bred with a genetic mutation that switches off the tumor suppressor gene known as APC, the same gene that is inactivated in the majority of human colon cancers. Animals with this mutation spontaneously develop intestinal polyps, the precursors to colon cancer. The study found that animals who were fed sulforaphane had tumors that were smaller, grew more slowly and had higher apoptotic (cell suicide) indices. Additionally, those fed a higher dose of sulforaphane had less risk of developing polyps than those fed a lower dose.

Brussels sprouts' glucosinolates have been shown to help prevent the development of colon cancer in response to exposure to heterocyclic amines, the carcinogenic compounds produced when meat is grilled or otherwise charbroiled. In an animal study published in Carcinogenesis, researchers looked at the effects of drinking water supplemented with Brussels sprouts or red cabbage juices on the liver and colon of laboratory animals that were also given a heterocyclic amine carcinogen.

Brussels sprouts reduced the development of pre-cancerous cells 41-52% in the colon and 27-67% in the liver, and drastically diminished the size (85-91%) of pre-cancerous lesions in the liver. Red cabbage moderately decreased (19-50%) the number of pre-cancerous lesions that developed in the liver and markedly reduced (41-83%) the size of those that did occur. These highly protective effects are due to crucifers' ability to significantly increase the activity of enzymes involved in both Phase I (CYP4501A2) and Phase II (glucuronidation via UDPGT-2) detoxification.

Brussels sprouts' stronger protective effects are thought to be due to the fact that this cruciferous vegetable contains 2-3 times the amount of glucosinolates than are found in red cabbage. Glucosinolates increase Phase II glucuronidation activity, one of the primary pathways through which toxins made even more dangerous by Phase I are rendered water-soluble and ready for elimination from the body.

New research has greatly advanced scientists' understanding of just how cruciferous vegetables such as Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, and kale help prevent cancer. When these vegetables are cut, chewed or digested, a sulfur-containing compound called sinigrin is brought into contact with the enzyme myrosinase, resulting in the release of glucose and breakdown products, including highly reactive compounds called isothiocyanates. Isothiocyanates are not only potent inducers of the liver's Phase II enzymes, which detoxify carcinogens, but research recently conducted at the Institute for Food Research in the U.K. shows one of these compounds, allyl isothicyanate, also inhibits mitosis (cell division) and stimulates apoptosis (programmed cell death) in human tumor cells.

Crucifers Cut Risk of Bladder Cancer

Human population as well as animal studies consistently show that diets high in cruciferous vegetables, such as Brussel sprouts, broccoli, kale, cabbage and cauliflower, are associated with lower incidence of certain cancers, including lung, colon, breast and ovarian cancer. Now, research published in the International Journal of Cancer (Zhao H, Lin J) suggests that bladder cancer can join the list.

University of Texas researchers analyzed the diets of 697 newly diagnosed bladder cancer cases and 708 healthy controls matched by age, gender and ethnicity. Average daily intake of cruciferous vegetables was significantly lower in those with bladder cancer than in healthy controls.

Those eating the most cruciferous vegetables were found to have a 29% lower risk of bladder cancer compared to participants eating the least of this family of vegetables.

Crucifers' protective benefits were even more pronounced in three groups typically at higher risk for bladder cancer: men, smokers, and older individuals (aged at least 64).

Diagnosed in about 336,000 people every year worldwide, bladder cancer is three times more likely to affect men than women, according to the European School of Oncology.

Crucifers' well known cancer-fighting properties are thought to result from their high levels of active phytochemicals called glucosinolates, which our bodies metabolize into powerful anti-carcinogens called isothiocyanates.

Isothiocyanates offer the bladder, in particular, significant protection, most likely because the majority of compounds produced by isothiocyanate metabolism travel through the bladder en route to excretion in the urine, suggested the researchers.

Optimize Your Cells' Detoxification / Cleansing Ability

For about 20 years, we've known that many phytonutrients work as antioxidants to disarm free radicals before they can damage DNA, cell membranes and fat-containing molecules such as cholesterol. Now, new research is revealing that phytonutrients in cruciferous vegetables, such as Brussels sprouts, work at a much deeper level. These compounds actually signal our genes to increase production of enzymes involved in detoxification, the cleansing process through which our bodies eliminate harmful compounds.

The phytonutrients in cruciferous vegetables initiate an intricate dance inside our cells in which gene response elements direct and balance the steps among dozens of detoxification enzyme partners, each performing its own protective role in perfect balance with the other dancers. The natural synergy that results optimizes our cells' ability to disarm and clear free radicals and toxins, including potential carcinogens, which may be why cruciferous vegetables appear to lower our risk of cancer more effectively than any other vegetables or fruits.

Recent studies show that those eating the most cruciferous vegetables have a much lower risk of prostate, colorectal and lung cancer-even whencompared to those who regularly eat other vegetables:

In a study of over 1,000 men conducted at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, WA, those eating 28 servings of vegetables a week had a 35% lower risk of prostate cancer, but those consuming just 3 or more servings of cruciferous vegetables each week had a 44% lower prostate cancer risk.

In the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer, in which data was collected on over 100,000 people for more than 6 years, those eating the most vegetables benefited with a 25% lower risk of colorectal cancers, but those eating the most cruciferous vegetables did almost twice as well with a 49% drop in their colorectal cancer risk.

A study of Chinese women in Singapore, a city in which air pollution levels are often high putting stress on the detoxification capacity of residents' lungs, found that in non-smokers, eating cruciferous vegetables lowered risk of lung cancer by 30%. In smokers, regular cruciferous vegetable consumption reduced lung cancer risk an amazing 69%!

How many weekly servings of cruciferous vegetables do you need to lower your risk of cancer? Just 3 to 5 servings-less than one serving a day! (1 serving = 1 cup)

To get the most benefit from your cruciferous vegetables like Brussels sprouts, be sure to choose organically grown varieties (their phytonutrient levels are higher than conventionally grown), and steam lightly (this method of cooking has been shown to not only retain the most phytonutrients but to maximize their availability).

For a brief overview of the process through which cruciferous vegetables boost our ability to detoxify or cleanse harmful compounds and examples of how specific phytonutrients in crucifers work together to protect us against cancer, see our FAQ: Optimizing Your Cells' Detoxification/Cleansing Ability by Eating Cruciferous Vegetables.

For Healthy Skin and Immune Function, Think Brussels Sprouts

Brussels sprouts are an excellent source of vitamin C, the body's primary water-soluble antioxidant. Vitamin C supports immune function and the manufacture of collagen, a protein that forms the ground substance of body structures including the skin, connective tissue, cartilage, and tendons. A large study conducted on nearly 20,000 men and women in England found that people with the highest vitamin C levels had half the risk of dying from heart disease, stroke or cancer. Risk of dying from heart disease was reduced by 71% in men and 59% for women in the group with the highest vitamin C levels.

In addition, a cup of Brussels sprouts contains a whopping 1122 IU of vitamin A plus 669 IU of beta-carotene, both of which play important roles in defending the body against infection and promoting supple, glowing skin.

Fiber-rich Brussels Sprouts Support A Healthier Colon

Add Brussels sprouts to your diet, and you'll increase your fiber intake. A cup of Brussels sprouts contains more than 4 grams of fiber, and both soluble and insoluble fiber are present in roughly equal amounts. Fiber not only fills you up, satisfying your hunger, but nourishes the cells lining the walls of the colon, promoting colon health and helping to prevent diseases such as diverticulosis and colon cancer. In addition, fiber aids elimination by forming a soft, bulky stool that is easily passed.

Cardiovascular Benefits

Consumption of cruciferous vegetables, such as Brussels sprouts, is known to reduce the risk of a number of cancers, especially lung, colon, breast, ovarian and bladder cancer. Now, research reveals that crucifers provide significant cardiovascular benefits as well.

Researchers from the University of Hawaii have shown that, at the tiny concentration of just 100 micromoles per liter, a phytonutrient found in cruciferous vegetables, indole-3-carbinol, lowers liver cells' secretion of the cholesterol transporter, apolipoproteinB-100 by 56%! Apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB) is the main carrier of LDL cholesterol to tissues, and high levels have been linked to plaque formation in the blood vessels.

When liver cells were treated with I-3-C, not only was apoB-100 secretion cut by more than half, but significant decreases also occurred in the synthesis of lipids (fats), including triglycerides and cholesterol esters. (Maiyoh GK, Kuh JE, et al., J Nutr.)

Protection against Rheumatoid Arthritis

While one study suggests that high doses of supplemental vitamin C makes osteoarthritis, a type of degenerative arthritis that occurs with aging, worse in laboratory animals, another indicates that vitamin C-rich foods, such as Brussels sprouts, provide humans with protection against inflammatory polyarthritis, a form of rheumatoid arthritis involving two or more joints.

The findings, presented in the Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases were drawn from a study of more than 20,000 subjects who kept diet diaries and were arthritis-free when the study began, and focused on subjects who developed inflammatory polyarthritis and similar subjects who remained arthritis-free during the follow-up period. Subjects who consumed the lowest amounts of vitamin C-rich foods were more than three times more likely to develop arthritis than those who consumed the highest amounts.

A Birth Defect Fighter

Especially if you are pregnant, consider learning to love Brussels sprouts. A cup of Brussels sprouts supplies 93.6 mg of folic acid, a B-vitamin essential for proper cellular division because it is necessary in DNA synthesis. Without folic acid, the fetus' nervous system cells do not divide properly. Deficiency of folic acid during pregnancy has been linked to several birth defects, including neural tube defects like spina bifida. Despite folic acid's wide occurrence in food (it's name comes from the Latin word folium, meaning "foliage," because it's found in green leafy vegetables), folic acid deficiency is the most common vitamin deficiency in the world.

Description

Brussels sprouts are members of the Brassica family and therefore kin to broccoli and cabbage. They resemble miniature cabbages, with diameters of about 1 inch. They grow in bunches of 20 to 40 on the stem of a plant that grows as high as three feet tall. Brussels sprouts are typically sage green in color, although some varieties feature a red hue. They are oftentimes sold separately but can sometimes be found in stores still attached to the stem. Perfectly cooked Brussels sprouts have a crisp, dense texture and a slightly sweet, bright and "green" taste.

History

While the origins of Brussels sprouts are unknown, the first mention of them can be traced to the late 16th century. They are thought to be native to Belgium, specifically to a region near its capital, Brussels, after which they are named. They remained a local crop in this area until their use spread across Europe during World War I. Brussels sprouts are now cultivated throughout Europe and the United States. In the U.S., almost all Brussels sprouts are grown in California.

How to Select and Store

Good quality Brussels sprouts are firm, compact and vivid green. They should be free of yellowed or wilted leaves and should not be puffy or soft in texture. Avoid those that have perforations in their leaves as this may indicate that they have aphids residing within. If Brussels sprouts are sold individually, choose those of equal size to ensure that they will cook evenly. Brussels sprouts are available year round, but their peak growing period is from autumn until early spring.

Keep unwashed and untrimmed Brussels sprouts in the vegetable compartment of the refrigerator. Stored in a plastic bag, they can be kept for 10 days. If you want to freeze Brussels sprouts, blanch them first for between three to five minutes. They will keep in the freezer for up to one year.

How to Enjoy

For some of our favorite recipes, click Recipes.

Tips for Preparing Brussels sprouts:

Before washing Brussels sprouts, remove stems and any yellow or discolored leaves. Wash them well under running water or soak them in a bowl of water to remove any insects that may reside in the inner leaves.

Brussels sprouts are usually cooked whole. To allow the heat to permeate throughout all of the leaves and better ensure an even texture, cut an "X" in the bottom of the stem before cooking.

While Brussels sprouts are usually served as a side dish, they also make a nice addition to cold salads.

A Few Quick Serving Ideas:

Braise Brussels sprouts in liquid infused with your favorite herbs and spices.

Since cooked Brussels sprouts are small and compact, they make a great snack food that can be simply eaten as is or seasoned with salt and pepper to taste.

Combine quartered cooked Brussels sprouts with sliced red onions, walnuts and your favorite mild tasting cheese such as a goat cheese or feta. Toss with olive oil and balsamic vinegar for an exceptionally healthy, delicious side dish.

Safety

Brussels Sprouts and Goitrogens

Brussels sprouts contains goitrogens, naturally-occurring substances in certain foods that can interfere with the functioning of the thyroid gland. Individuals with already existing and untreated thyroid problems may want to avoid Brussels sprouts for this reason. Cooking may help to inactivate the goitrogenic compounds found in food. However, it is not clear from the research exactly what percent of goitrogenic compounds get inactivated by cooking, or exactly how much risk is involved with the consumption of Brussels sprouts by individuals with pre-existing and untreated thyroid problems. For more on this subject, please see What are goitrogens and in which foods are they found?

Nutritional Profile

Introduction to Food Rating System Chart

The following chart shows the nutrients for which this food is either an excellent, very good or good source. Next to the nutrient name you will find the following information: the amount of the nutrient that is included in the noted serving of this food; the %Daily Value (DV) that that amount represents (similar to other information presented in the website, this DV is calculated for 25-50 year old healthy woman); the nutrient density rating; and, the food's World's Healthiest Foods Rating. Underneath the chart is a table that summarizes how the ratings were devised. Read detailed information on our Food and Recipe Rating System.

Nutrient	Amount	DV (%)	Nutrient Density	World's Healthiest Foods Rating
Brussel sprouts, boiled 1.00 cup 156.00 grams 60.84 calories
vitamin K	218.80 mcg	273.5	80.9	excellent
vitamin C	96.72 mg	161.2	47.7	excellent
folate	93.60 mcg	23.4	6.9	very good
vitamin A	1121.64 IU	22.4	6.6	very good
manganese	0.35 mg	17.5	5.2	very good
dietary fiber	4.06 g	16.2	4.8	very good
potassium	494.52 mg	14.1	4.2	very good
vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)	0.28 mg	14.0	4.1	very good
tryptophan	0.04 g	12.5	3.7	very good
vitamin B1 (thiamin)	0.17 mg	11.3	3.4	very good
omega 3 fatty acids	0.26 g	10.8	3.2	good
iron	1.87 mg	10.4	3.1	good
phosphorus	87.36 mg	8.7	2.6	good
protein	3.98 g	8.0	2.4	good
magnesium	31.20 mg	7.8	2.3	good
vitamin B2 (riboflavin)	0.12 mg	7.1	2.1	good
vitamin E	1.33 mg	6.7	2.0	good
copper	0.13 mg	6.5	1.9	good
calcium	56.16 mg	5.6	1.7	good

World's Healthiest Foods Rating	Rule
excellent	DV>=75%	OR	Density>=7.6	AND	DV>=10%
very good	DV>=50%	OR	Density>=3.4	AND	DV>=5%
good	DV>=25%	OR	Density>=1.5	AND	DV>=2.5%

31-May-09 3:00 PM

Grilled Summer Vegetables: A Simple Recipe

Sun, 31 May 2009 20:00:00 GMT

With summer here, it's time to think about grilling vegetables. If you have never done it, no fear. Here is a simple fool-proof solution with a very easy recipe. This is a great opportnity to expose your family to a number of healthy, disease fighting foods.

Download recipe here.

31-May-09 3:00 PM

Dr. Isaac Raijman: Update on GERD

Sun, 31 May 2009 20:00:00 GMT

This past week, and article in the New England Journal of Medicine discussed the results of a new procedure to treat complications of longstanding esophageal reflux disease (i.e. GERD, reflux, heartburn). GERD that is not properly addressed and treated, has the potential to transform into Barrett's Esophagus, a potentially malignant (cancerous) lesion in the esophagus. Radiofrequency ablation of the involved esophagus is associated with a reduced chance of developing cancer of the esophagus.

Dr. Raijman, an expert in this area, who performes radiofrequency ablation of the esophagus in Barrett's Esophagus, will be a guest tonight and explain this procedure further.

Links of interest are posted below.

Esophageal Reflux Disease

Controling Heartburn

American College of Gastroenterology: GERD

Barrix Medical

Barrett's Esophagus

31-May-09 3:00 PM

Nine Foods Never to Feed Your Children

Sun, 17 May 2009 14:00:00 GMT

We atlk about obesity every week on the program, and discussions regarding what NOT TO EAT is important. This past week, Time Magazine listed the nine foods to avoid giving your children. For some families, these are basic staples of a weekly diet. We need to educate parents that all of these foods, as well as a lot of the suggested replacement foods, should be avoided at all cost. We are killing our children with poor nutrition and bad food choices.

Links to help you make better food choices are posted below. Read through them and share them with friends and family.

Child Nutrition: Medline Plus

Healthy Weight Loss Tips

129 World's Healthiest Foods

Childrens Nutrition

17-May-09 9:00 AM

Christopher Kennedy Lawford to Join Dr. Galati Sunday July 13, 2008

noemail@yourhealthfirst.com — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 12:00:00 GMT

On Sunday July 13, 2008, Chrostopher Kennedy Lawford will join Dr. Galati on Your Health First to discuss his bout with hepatitis C and eventual treatment and cure. Born into enormous privilege as well as burdened by gut-wrenching family tragedy, Christopher Kennedy Lawford now shares his life story, offering a rare glimpse into the private worlds of the rich and famous of both Washington politics and the Hollywood elite. A triumphantly inspiring memoir, the first from a Kennedy family member since Rose Kennedy's 1974 autobiography, Lawford's Symptoms of Withdrawal tells the bittersweet truth about life inside America's greatest family legacy. As the firstborn child of famed Rat Pack actor Peter Lawford and Patricia Kennedy, sister to John F. Kennedy, Christopher Kennedy Lawford grew up with presidents and movie stars as close relatives and personal friends. Lawford recalls Marilyn Monroe teaching him to dance the twist in his living room when he was still a toddler, being...

Your Health First Changes Time and Station on March 2, 2008

noemail@yourhealthfirst.com — Fri, 29 Feb 2008 02:00:00 GMT

Dr. Joe Galati Moves to KTRH

After a successful run on Clear Channel's 950 KPRC, Your Health First, hosted by Dr. Joe Galati, is moving down the dial to Houston's New Radio 740 KTRH. Dr. Galati is a Hepatologist ( liver specialists) in the world famous Texas Medical Center, and is Medical Director of the Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation at The Methodist Hospital.

The show will be aired live at 7:00 p.m. every Sunday evening. On the program, Dr. Galati discussed current health stories in the news, and discusses current health and wellness topics with the countries leading authorities.

In addition to the weekly radio program, Dr. Galati is the on-air Medical Expert for KTRH, discussing health issues in the news. Every Monday morning, he can also be heard on the Monday Medical Minute during the morning news broadcast with JP and Lana.

"Your Health First is my small contribution to address the various health issues we face daily. The goal of the program each week it to educate the public to become involved in their health, and learn about the preventative steps they can take to remain health. I enjoy discussing disease awareness and screening. In just about all situations, early intervention will lead to a better outcome" states Dr. Galati.

Dr. Galati is a native of Long Island, New York, and enjoys backpacking, photography, and reading about Theodore Roosevelt, another fellow Long Islander.

This Weeks Guests: Sunday, June 28, 2009

Sat, 27 Jun 2009 21:12:24 GMT

John J. Seger, M.D. Texas Heart Insitiute Houston, Texas Dr. John Seger will join Dr. Galati this week and discuss the latest in a very common heart condition called atrial fibrillation. Read more Victor Vogel, M.D. National Vice President for Research American Cancer Society Read more Alcoholism and Addiction: The Right Step Jason Powers, M.D. George Joseph, CEO read more Dr. Isaac Raijman: Update on GERD May 31, 2009 read more Jennifer Pate, M.D. Psychiatrist-St. Luke's Hospital Houston, Texas Abuse and Misuse of Pain Medications May 24, 2009 Edward R. Rensimer, MD, FACP International Medicine Center, Houston, Texas Update on Swine Flu read more Thomas R. Russell, M.D. American College of Surgeons Now What? A Patient's Guide to a Safe and Successful Outcome. read more May 3, 2009 Donate Life Month Your Health First is LIVE in the Lobby of The Methodist Hospital Guillermo Torre-Amione, M.D. Medical Director Cardiac Transplant The...

Center Column

Sat, 27 Jun 2009 21:03:28 GMT

Liver Specialists of Texas provides a wide range of specialized care to patients with digestive and liver disorders. Our main office, located in St. Luke's Medical Towers, is a 4300 square foot facility, with a spacious waiting room, 5 examinations rooms, a patient/family education classroom, and physician consultation offices. Our warm receptive staff is available for all of your needs. At this location, all of the outpatient consultations take place. Detailed medical histories are obtained along with a thorough physical examination. Dr. Joe Galati Old medical records are reviewed by Dr. Galati, as well as previously performed x-rays including ultrasound, MRI, and CAT scans. Liver biopsy specimens can also be reviewed on a microscope in the office. These x-rays and biopsies are reviewed directly with the patients, giving them a...

Your Health First Panel of Experts 2009

Sun, 17 May 2009 13:45:34 GMT

Cardiology James M. Wilson, M.D. 6624 Fannin Street, Suite 2480 Houston , TX 77030 713-529-5530 S. Ward Casscells, III, M.D. 7000 Fannin Street Houston , TX 77030 (713) 500-3581 Robert A. Rosati, M.D. Director-Rice Diet Program 3543 Rose of Sharon Road Durham, NC 27712 Phone: (919) 383-7276 Fax: (919) 309-4695 Joseph G. Rogers, M.D. Associate Professor of Medicine, Medical Director of the Cardiac Transplant and Mechanical Circulatory Support Programs Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 (919) 681-6833 Dental Thomas Swonke, D.D.S. 6624 Fannin Street Suite 1680 Houston, TX 77030 (713) 795-0606 Ear Nose, and Throat Eric S. Powitzky, M.D. 6624 Fannin, Suite 1480 Houston , TX 77030 713-795-5343 Gastroenterology and Endoscopic Procedures Texas International Endoscopy Center 6620 Main Street, Ste 1500 Houston , TX 77030 Tel: (713) 520-8432 Gastroenterology Isaac Raijman, M.D. 6640 Main Street Houston , TX 713-795-4444 General Surgery ...

Top Right Column

Thu, 23 Apr 2009 12:56:32 GMT

After the Program-Call the Program 24/7
Toll-Free: 888-GET-YHF-1

View Dr. Galati's New Blog Here

15 Super Foods For Super Health

Problems with High Salt Diets-Defend Yourself

Press Release: New Hepatitis C Study to Start Enrollment

National Health Observances 2009

Dr. Galati's Fiber Count

Dr. Galati's Heath-Wise Christmas Gift Selector

American Heart Association: Go Red For Women

Portion Control Guide

Latest Podcasts

(How to add podcasts to iTunes)

Healthy Holiday Gift Ideas from Dr. Galati: Updated 2008

Sun, 14 Dec 2008 22:52:23 GMT

This holiday season, think in terms of health. I have selected some of the best health related gifts that would have mass appeal, and certainly kick start someone to think seriously about better health. Spend your hard earned money on a gift that will make in impact on a loved ones health and well being. Heart Rate Monitors A day does not go by where I do not recommend a heart rate monitor to a patient of mine. Why? It keeps us all honest as we exercise. For years it has been shown that the intensity at which you exercise is proportional to the effect exercise will have on your metabolism. Patients regularly tell me they exercise almost daily, but on further explaination, it's a lazy stroll with the 10 year old beagle. Forget it. I would not count that as exercise for a minute. A heart rate monitor will keep track of your heart rate, and guide you as to whether you need to step it up or slow it down, aiming for the all important target heart rate, calculated as 80% of your maximum...

Your Health First Helpful Links

Mon, 18 Aug 2008 22:56:04 GMT

One size doesn't fit all. MyPyramid Plan can help you choose the foods and amounts that are right for you. For a quick estimate of what and how much you need to eat, enter your age, sex, and activity level in the MyPyramid Plan box. For a detailed assessment of your food intake and physical activity level, click on MyPyramid Tracker. Use the advice Inside MyPyramid to help you. Make smart choices from every food group, Find your balance between food and physical activity, and Get the most nutrition out of your calories. Go to www.mypyramid.gov for more details. Go to www.cancer.org for more information. Liver Specialists of Texas provides a wide range of specialized care to patients with digestive and liver disorders. Our main office, located...

This Weeks Buzz and More

Sun, 10 Aug 2008 02:27:29 GMT

Margaret Bridges, M.D.Colon Cancer Screening:

Sun, 23 Mar 2008 02:07:04 GMT

This week, Dr. Margaret Bridges will join Dr. Galati in discussing colon cancer. Dr. Bridges is a Board Certified Gastroenterologist, practicing in Houston, Texas, and a partner at Texas International Endoscopy Center. Topcs to be covered will include risk factors for colon cancer, proper screening for colon cancer, effect of diet on colon cancer, and how to reduce your risk for colon cancer. March is National Colon Cancer Awareness Month. During National Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month, these important points about colorectal cancer are communicated: Colorectal cancer can be prevented. Screening for colorectal cancer can identify polyps - grape size growths in the colon and/or rectum. These can be removed to prevent cancer from ever occurring. Starting at age 50, men and women who are at average risk for colorectal cancer should get screened. Men and women who have a higher risk of the disease may need to be tested earlier and should talk to their health care...

Lisa Hark, PhD., RD

Sun, 09 Mar 2008 03:13:39 GMT

Lisa Hark, PhD., RD University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Feeding Your Family: Keeping them Healthy With Good Nutrition Lisa Hark, PhD., RD, from University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, will be joining Dr. Galati this week to discuss basic concepts in feeding your family and providing sound nutrition at all ages. With childhood obesity on the rise, and families neglecting the value of sharing meals together, it is everyones responsibility to become involved in good nutrition for your family. This should include not only selecting a variety of nutritious foods to eat, but cooking them properly, in the right portion, and with an eagerness to try different foods. Eating as a family is equally important in supporting good family health and nutrition. Dr. Lisa Hark is a renowned family nutrition expert with over 20 years of experience in nutrition counseling and promoting the benefits of healthy eating in children and adults. As Director of the Nutrition Education and...

About the Show

Sat, 01 Mar 2008 20:53:42 GMT

Your Health First is the the most consumer oriented health program available on radio. Dr. Joe Galati, a leading authority on liver transplantation, liver disease and gastroenterology is your personable host. Dr. Galati is the Medical Director of the Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation at The Methodist Hospital, located in Houston, Texas. He, along with his team of national and international experts in medicine, healthcare and research, guide listeners through decoding complex medical jargon to simple, easy to use information.

Dr. Galati and his team lend their expertise to discussions covering the entire wellness concept of putting your health first. Learn from the experts on radio's most listener beneficial medical program.

Your Health First is based in the world famous Texas Medical Center in Houston and can be heard locally on KTRH-AM 740 in Houston each Sunday from 7:00 p.m. to 8:00 PM or from anywhere on earth via the worldwide web. You'll find weekly re-caps of the most important information to benefit you at www.yourhealthfirst.com.

What is the Source of Your Health Information?

noemail@yourhealthfirst.com — Tue, 22 Aug 2006 03:00:00 GMT

Objectives:

Release Date: 21-Aug-06 10:00 PM
Expiration Date: 19-Nov-06 10:00 PM

Tell us where you currently get your health information from?

Lorem ipsum survey

noemail@yourhealthfirst.com — Wed, 22 Feb 2006 21:21:13 GMT

Objectives:

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diem nonummynibh euismod tincidunt ut lacreet dolore magna aliguam erat volutpat. Ut wisis enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci tution ullamcorper suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis te feugifacilisi.

Duis autem dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit au gue duis dolore te feugat nulla facilisi.

Ut wisi enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci taion ullamcorper suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex en commodo consequat. Duis te feugifacilisi per suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex en commodo consequat.Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed diem nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut lacreet dolore magna aliguam erat volutpat.

Ut wisis enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci

Release Date: 22-Feb-06 3:21 PM
Expiration Date: 22-May-06 3:21 PM

Ut wisis enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci

Lorem ipsum

2006-02-22T21:21:13Z

Instructor: Fraley

Lorem ipsum

Your Health First

John Seger, M.D. : Atrial Fibrillation

Victor Vogel, M.D. : American Cancer Society

5-Minute Cauliflower Dish-Try It

Food, Inc.: The Movie (See the Trailer)

How to Be a Good Patient: Suggestion by Dr. Galati

The Right Step: Alcoholism and Addiction

Eat More Brussels Sprouts-Great Recipe from Dr. Galati

Grilled Summer Vegetables: A Simple Recipe

Dr. Isaac Raijman: Update on GERD

Nine Foods Never to Feed Your Children

Christopher Kennedy Lawford to Join Dr. Galati Sunday July 13, 2008

Your Health First Changes Time and Station on March 2, 2008

Dr. Joe Galati Moves to KTRH

This Weeks Guests: Sunday, June 28, 2009

Center Column

Your Health First Panel of Experts 2009

Top Right Column

After the Program-Call the Program 24/7 Toll-Free: 888-GET-YHF-1

View Dr. Galati's New Blog Here

15 Super Foods For Super Health

Latest Podcasts

Healthy Holiday Gift Ideas from Dr. Galati: Updated 2008

Your Health First Helpful Links

This Weeks Buzz and More

Margaret Bridges, M.D.Colon Cancer Screening:

Lisa Hark, PhD., RD

About the Show

What is the Source of Your Health Information?

Lorem ipsum survey

Lorem ipsum

After the Program-Call the Program 24/7
Toll-Free: 888-GET-YHF-1